What is the meaning of sharingan?
Sharingan's a transliteration from Japan??? It's called Sharingan, since it immediately affects the eyes, rendering them red with black, continuous designs called tomoes.
how sasuke get eternal mangekyou sharingan
Sasuke Uchiha wakes his Mangekyō Sharingan after the death of his older brother, Itachi Uchiha. With his left Mangekyō, he could cast Amaterasu. With his right Mangekyō, he may produce or destroy the flames.
Many followers of Uchiha Sasuke were expecting him to appear with his newly acquired powers, courtesy to his brother Uchiha Itachi. When Madara transplanted Itachi's eyes to Sasuke, he received his Eternal Mangekyou Sharingan. That is how a Mangekyo Sharingan becomes an Eternal Mangekyo Sharingan.
Aside from that, how do I get permanent mangekyou? You must either kill or witness the death of a close friend or family member from Sharingan to Mangekyou. Is it necessary to have the Mangekyou and then kill a close friend or family member who also possesses the Mangekyou in order to acquire the EMS?
In addition, which episode does Sasuke get the Eternal Mangekyou Sharingan?
They haven't shown Sasuke with the EMS yet, but you can see him having the operation in episode 216.
What distinguishes Sasuke's Mangekyou Sharingan?
It's different. As you know, the effects of sharing Mangekyo decrease with each application and gradually distort your vision and finally make you blind. On the other hand, eternal mangekyo shared are (obviously) eternal, and you will never lose them. All mangekyo shareholders have their own powers.